1. What is SDLC?

SDLC stands for Software Development Life Cycle. It is a process followed for the development of software applications.

2. What are the different phases of SDLC?

The phases of SDLC are Planning, Requirements, Design, Implementation, Testing, Deployment, and Maintenance.

3. Explain the Waterfall model.

The Waterfall model is a linear and sequential approach to software development, where each phase must be completed before moving on to the next.

4. What is Agile methodology?

Agile is an iterative and incremental approach to software development, emphasizing flexibility and customer satisfaction. It involves collaboration between self-organizing, cross-functional teams.

5. What is the V-Model in SDLC?

The V-Model is an extension of the Waterfall model where each development stage is associated with a testing phase.

6. Explain the Spiral model.

The Spiral model is a risk-driven approach that combines the idea of iterative development with the systematic aspects of the Waterfall model.

7. What is the purpose of the Planning phase in SDLC?

The Planning phase involves defining project goals, scope, resources, and timeline.

8. Define Requirements in SDLC.

Requirements specify what the software should do. It includes functional and non-functional requirements.

9. Explain the importance of the Design phase.

The Design phase translates requirements into a blueprint for the system and involves creating architecture, data structures, and system specifications.

10. What is coding in the context of SDLC?

Coding involves writing the actual code to implement the design specifications.

11. Define Unit Testing.

Unit Testing is the process of testing individual components or modules of a system in isolation.

12. What is Integration Testing?

Integration Testing verifies the interaction between different components or systems.

13. Explain System Testing.

System Testing evaluates the entire system as a whole to ensure that it meets the specified requirements.

14. Define User Acceptance Testing (UAT).

UAT is performed by end-users to ensure that the system meets their requirements and is ready for deployment.

15. What is Deployment in SDLC?

Deployment involves making the software available for use in the production environment.

16. Explain the importance of Maintenance in SDLC.

Maintenance involves fixing bugs, making enhancements, and adapting the system to changes in the environment.

17. What is the difference between Verification and Validation in SDLC?

Verification ensures that the product is being built according to the requirements, while validation ensures that the product meets the customer's needs.

18. Define Software Configuration Management (SCM).

SCM is the process of managing changes in software, including version control, configuration identification, and configuration control.

19. What is the role of a Project Manager in SDLC?

The Project Manager is responsible for planning, executing, and closing a project, including managing resources, risks, and communication.

20. Explain the term "Baseline" in SDLC.

A baseline is a reference point that is used for comparison. It is often used in configuration management to track changes.

21. What is the purpose of a Feasibility Study in SDLC?

A Feasibility Study assesses the practicality and viability of a proposed project.

22. Define Risk Management in SDLC.

Risk Management involves identifying, assessing, and mitigating risks throughout the project.

23. What is the difference between Black Box and White Box Testing?

Black Box Testing focuses on testing the functionality of the system, while White Box Testing involves testing the internal logic and structure of the system.

24. Explain the term "CMMI" in SDLC.

CMMI (Capability Maturity Model Integration) is a process improvement approach that provides organizations with the essential elements of effective processes.

25. What is the role of a Business Analyst in SDLC?

A Business Analyst gathers and analyzes requirements, ensuring that the software solution aligns with the business needs.

26. Define Prototyping in SDLC.

Prototyping involves creating an early, limited version of a system to gather feedback and refine requirements.

27. What is Continuous Integration (CI) in SDLC?

Continuous Integration is the practice of frequently integrating code changes into a shared repository to detect and address integration issues early.

28. Explain the term "DevOps" in SDLC.

DevOps is a set of practices that aims to automate and improve the collaboration between development and operations teams.

29. Define the term "Sprint" in Agile methodology.

A Sprint is a time-boxed iteration in Agile development, typically lasting 2-4 weeks, where a potentially shippable product increment is delivered.

30. What is the role of a Scrum Master in Agile development?

A Scrum Master facilitates the Scrum process and ensures that the team follows Agile principles.

31. Explain the concept of "Burndown Chart" in Agile.

A Burndown Chart visually represents the progress of the team in completing the tasks during a Sprint.

32. Define the term "Velocity" in Agile.

Velocity is a measure of the amount of work a development team can complete during a Sprint.

33. What is Refactoring in the context of Agile development?

Refactoring is the process of restructuring code to improve its readability, maintainability, and efficiency without changing its external behavior.

34. Explain the term "Pair Programming" in Agile.

Pair Programming involves two programmers working together at one workstation. One writes code, and the other reviews each line as it is written.

35. What is a User Story in Agile?

A User Story is a short, simple description of a feature told from the perspective of the person who desires the new capability.

36. Define the term "Release Planning" in Agile.

Release Planning involves planning and prioritizing features for the upcoming releases based on business value and priorities.

37. What is the role of a Product Owner in Agile development?

The Product Owner is responsible for defining and prioritizing the product backlog and ensuring that the team delivers value to the business.

38. Explain the term "Kanban" in Agile.

Kanban is a visual management method that helps teams balance workloads and continuously improve their processes.

39. What is the role of Continuous Delivery in Agile development?

Continuous Delivery is the practice of automating the software delivery process to enable frequent and reliable releases.

40. Define the term "Technical Debt" in SDLC.

Technical Debt refers to the backlog of work that needs to be done to make a software system maintainable, efficient, and scalable.

41. Explain the concept of "Burnup Chart" in Agile.

A Burnup Chart tracks both completed and total work over time, providing a visual representation of progress.

42. What is the difference between a Use Case and a User Story?

A Use Case is a detailed description of how a system interacts with an external entity, while a User Story is a simple, high-level description of a feature from the user's perspective.

43. Define the term "Scalability" in SDLC.

Scalability refers to the ability of a system to handle an increasing amount of load or users without compromising performance.

44. Explain the concept of "Dependency Injection" in software development.

Dependency Injection is a design pattern where dependencies of an object are provided externally rather than created within the object.

45. What is the role of Quality Assurance (QA) in SDLC?

QA ensures that the software meets specified requirements and standards by implementing testing and quality control processes.

46. Define the term "Continuous Testing" in SDLC.

Continuous Testing is the practice of automating testing throughout the development process to ensure that software is of high quality and functionality.

47. What is the role of a Release Manager in SDLC?

A Release Manager is responsible for planning, scheduling, and controlling the movement of releases into the production environment.

48. Explain the concept of "Technical Specification" in SDLC.

Technical Specification documents provide detailed information about the technical aspects of the system, including architecture, design, and implementation details.

49. Define the term "Agile Manifesto."

The Agile Manifesto is a set of guiding values and principles for Agile software development, emphasizing individuals and interactions, working solutions, and customer collaboration.

50. How do you handle scope changes in a project?

Scope changes should be carefully evaluated for their impact on the project timeline, budget, and resources. Changes should be documented, communicated, and approved by relevant stakeholders before implementation.